Computational Linguistics — Morphology

Key terms

• parsing — reconciling a sequence of tokens with some grammatical structure [Wikipedia]
• spelling rules — part of orthography (rules to write a language) [Wikipedia]
• morphological rules — the mechanisms involved in word creation [Wikipedia]
• stemming [Wikipedia]
  • sample database #1 — with stemming. ⇒ meta files
  • sample database #2 — without stemming. ⇒ meta files
• productive – of a process regularly used in forming new words [Wikipedia]
• morpheme – smallest linguistic unit with semantic meaning [Wikipedia]
• inflection – modification of a word to reflect usage [Wikipedia]
  • useless explanation of inflection
• noun — a lexical element that can function as the head of a noun phrase [Wikipedia]
• verb — a part of a predicate that expresses an act, occurrence or mode of being [Wikipedia]
• declension — the occurrence of inflection (in nouns, pronouns and adjectives indicating such features as number, case, etc.) [Wikipedia]
  • singular
    regular
    irregular
  • plural
    regular
    irregular
• derivation
  • E.g., nominalization
• stems
• affixes
  • prefix
  • suffix
  • infix — not normally a part of formal English but —
    • hip hop Snoop speak tosses izz-es into the middle of words as in comp'tational linguizzle-istics
    [Wikipedia]
    • expletives are ubiquitously and egregiously interwoven in casual conversation, often serving as an emphatic circumfix in multisyllabic words or phrases:
    

    The chap's from West-bloody-minster — well, lah-di-dah!
    Out-f***ing-sourcing is what we do best!
    

  • circumfix — not available in English; however some argue that developments like enliven and enlighten are an en—en form of circumfix;
    German example — verb spielen (to play) produces the participle gespielt through circumfix
• morphological parsing
  • lexicon
  • morphotactics
  • orthographic rules — rules to write a language [Wikipedia]
  • morphological recognition
  • lexical level
  • surface level
  • finite-state transducer