Due Tuesday, February 5. Make a printed copy by midnight — hand in on Wednesday.

1. Constituent Rearrangement . Create a sentence that changes meaning when its constituent elements are rearranged. Be sure to specify the meaning of each arrangement. Do not remove or add any words.

   Let's be responsible and not blame Joe for the botched contract. Meaning: We should take responsibility for the botched contract and not blame it on Joe.

   Let's not be responsible and blame Joe for the botched contract. Meaning: We should duck responsibility for the botched contract and use Joe as the fall guy.

2. Implicature . Create a sentence that contains an implication beyond the literal meaning of the words contained therein. Specify the implied meaning beyond that of the literal meaning.

   Everyone says Mary is so generous, but I've never forgotten to contribute my fair share of the tip at lunch. Implication: Mary didn't leave enough for her share of the tip.

3. Presupposition . Create a sentence that requires presumed information to make sense. Try to choose a concise example that is compelling. State what must be presumed.

   Hillary is every bit as capable of being Commander in Chief as Bill was. Presupposition (if one meant this as a complement): Bill was a good President. Presupposition (if one meant this as a snide remark): Bill wasn't a good President.

4. Cancellation . Exhibit a sentence in which one component cancels the meaning of another. State what would be meant without the cancellation; and how its meaning is cancelled.

   I always rely on his knowledge of the stock market, and buy what he recommends selling. The phrase buy what he recommends selling cancels the main clause I always rely on his knowledge of the stock market