1. Objectives:

Learn the basics of Win95 and UNIX operating systems.

Learn to use electronic mail with pine.

 

2. About this lab:

You are going to learn some very basic skills. You will login to a workstation and learn basic functions needed to operate in Win95. You will then connect to a UNIX server via Telnet, learn some key commands there and compose and read a message with pine. RELAX; you can't break the computer!

 

3. 1. Login to a workstation.

1. When a workstation is turned on, you will first see a message that tells you that you must have a valid ICC account. Using your mouse, move the mouse pointer on the screen to the OK button and Click the left mouse button.
2. A dialog window should appear with a slot for User Name, and another for Password. Type in your user name and password provided for you by ICC. Remember that password is usually the last eight digits of your Social Security code unless you have already logged in and changed it. If you are unable to login, you need to ask for help, you might not yet have an active ICC account.
3. Once logged in successfully, you will get another dialog window. The system wants to know if you want your profile saved, just point to the No button and click the mouse button.

1. 2. Basics of Win95.

Just getting this far implies you know some of the basic elements of win95. You know about buttons, pointing and clicking with the mouse, as well as filling in labeled fields. It will be useful to know about general characteristics of windows and menus and general operations relevant for opening and closing applications.

Below, you will find a typical desktop with icons of applications as well as a taskbar and a Start button. Desktop refers to your workspace in Win95, all applications that you open run in this space.

Typically, the Taskbar that appears at the bottom of the screen provides the date and the icons for status of hardware components such as a printer that is currently printing. The other useful role played by the taskbar is in providing you with buttons for all active applications. When you have multiple applications running at the same time, for example, the MS-Paint program as well as MS-Word, each will have a button in the taskbar. Clicking on an application button in the taskbar brings its window to the foreground.

Clicking on the Start button yields the Start menu shown below. In this lab, you will learn how applications are launched from their entry in the Programs submenu as well as the Run option. Shut Down process is initiated from this menu as well.

Lets use the MS-Paint program to demonstrate how applications are opened and closed. We will also see the generic features of win95 application windows. You will draw a rectangle, fill it with a color and save it as an image.

1. Click on the Start Icon . The Start menu appears.
2. From the Start menu, point the mouse pointer to the Programs option. The Programs submenu appears.
3. From the Programs submenu, point to the Accessories option. The Accessories submenu will appear.
4. Click on the Paint option. This will start the Paint program.



 

5. The following Window titled untitled - Paint should appear on your screen. All application windows in win95 have a title bar at the top that identifies the application as well as three buttons on the right side. Here is a description of each button and how they are used:

minimizes the window, what that means is simple, the window is removed from the desktop, however, the application button mentioned before in the taskbar can be clicked to resurrect the window again. Click this button; then bring the window back by clicking the application button in the taskbar at the bottom of the screen.

maximizes the window (enlarge the window covering the whole desktop). Click this button. When window is maximized, this button will turn into .

from a maximized state will resize the window to its original size. Click this button

closes the application when clicked. Don't click this one yet.

6. Click the Rectangle button in the tool box on the left. This informs Paint that you intend to draw a rectangle.
7. Rectangle is drawn in the white space in the center of the window. You will need to point to a position that you wish for the upper left corner of the rectangle to be and press down the left mouse button (not click, keep the mouse button down). Now you need to drag the mouse pointer to where you wish the lower right corner of your rectangle to be. The rectangle is now formed. If you don't like the size of your rectangle, you can click on the Edit pull-down menu in the toolbar on top and choose Undo. You can then draw your rectangle again.
8. Click on the Fill with Color button to inform Paint that you wish to fill an object, in this case, the rectangle with a color.
9. Click on a color of your choice at the bottom of the window.
10. Click inside the rectangle, it should be filled with the color you chose.
11. From the File pull-down menu, pick Save As. A Save As popup window will appear.
12. Type lab1 for File name.
13. Click on the Save button.
14. Ask your lab instructor to check your progress so far.
15. Click on to close the Paint window.

1. 3. Connecting to the UNIX Server.

1. Click on the Start button.
2. From the Start menu, pick the Run option by clicking on it. The following window will appear:

 

3. In the Open field, type Telnet rocky and click on OK. You should now have a login prompt for rocky in a Telnet Window
4. Type in your user name with login: and when prompted for password, type that in as well. Hit the Enter key after each response. Assuming you entered your username/password correctly, you should now have a UNIX prompt.

1. 4. Changing Passwords (Read carefully).

The system may put you into the passwd program the first time that you login. Use Ctrl-C to kill that program, hold down the Ctrl key and hit the key for the letter C on the keyboard. This program allows you to change your password, but it has never worked correctly when more than one person is using it. Use the passwd command to change your password at a later time.

 

2. 5. Logout.

1. Type logout followed by hitting the Enter key at the UNIX prompt. The Enter key terminates all commands in UNIX.
2. You now have an empty Telnet Window with a popup window that informs you that the Connection to the host is lost, click the OK button.
3. Click on to close the Telnet window.

1. 6. Reconnect.

Follow the steps in Step #3 to reconnect.

 

2. 7. Files and Directories in UNIX.

1. Type ls ~mohammad followed by hitting the Enter key. The tilde(~) character is used so that you won't have to know the exact location of my home directory in our tree structure. ls, is the letter l followed by the letter s, both in lower case. There is a space between ls and ~, but no space between ~ and mohammad. You will find a list of files and subdirectories in my main directory.
2. Type ls ~mohammad/101 the subdirectory 101 in my main directory contains some files that I have made available to you.
3. Type more ~mohammad/101/passwordhints the more command lets you read the content of the passwordhints file in this case. You need the space between more and ~, no other space should appear in this command.
4. Since the more command displays the document page by page, you need to hit the space-bar after reading each page in order to see the next.
5. Type cp ~mohammad/101/passwordhints pw To place a copy of passwordhints in your account. There is a space between cp and ~, as well as, between passwordhints and pw.
6. Type more pw to display this file again, except this time it is called pw and it is in your directory. You may hit Ctrl-C to terminate the more command if you don't wish to read the complete file again (hold down the Ctrl key and hit the key for the letter C).
7. Print the pw file.

1. Type print to get a print out of the file.
2. Type pw when prompted for a file name.
3. Type 1 when asked to choose a printer (1 for Snygg line printer, 2 for Snygg laser…). Operators will place your printouts in the bins in room 6a of Snygg. If you had chosen one of the printers in the Mahar lab, it would have printed in room 210 Mahar. The first letter of your account name is used to store your printout.
4. Each page printed counts against your print quota, so print wisely. You will accrue additional charges if you exceed your quota, type pquota at the UNIX prompt to check yours.

1. 8. Electronic Mail.

1. Type pine at the UNIX prompt to initiate pine. You should see a menu on the screen along with some command choices at the bottom.
2. To compose a message, you must choose C, either by hitting the letter C on your keyboard or using the up or down arrow to get to that choice and hitting the Enter key.
3. In response to To:, type the Email address of the person next to you. For example, my Email address is mohammad@oswego.edu, since my account name is mohammad. Please don't send your lab message to me. Formulate the correct email address for the person next to you, their user name followed by @oswego.edu.
4. Type lab1 as your Subject, hitting Enter for other fields (CC and Attachments).
5. Type a short message.
6. Hit Ctrl-X to send message, hold down Ctrl key and hit the key for the letter X.
7. Hit Enter when prompted with Send message? Assume the message is mailed to the person next to you, unless it is undeliverable; in which case, the system will send a message back to you informing you of that.
8. To read your messages, choose i. You will see a list of the messages that you have received. Pressing return on a highlighted message will allow you to read it. The down-arrow and the up-arrow let you move through messages.
9. Ask your lab instructor to check your progress.
10. Find a way to exit pine, pay attention to your menu choices listed at the bottom of the screen; once you exit pine, you'll be at a UNIX prompt.

Always close all applications before going through the shutdown process.

1. Logout from the UNIX server and terminate your telnet session. The steps were given in section #5 of this lab.
2. Click the Start button and choose Shut Down.
3. Choose the Close all Programs and log on as a different user Option, and Click the Yes button.

1. Win95 Key Terms

 

Desktop refers to your workspace in Win95, all applications that you open run in this space.

 

Taskbar appears at the bottom of the screen. It provides the date and the icons for status of hardware components such as a printer that is currently printing.

 

Start a button in the taskbar that yields the Start menu, useful for

Button launching applications, executing shutdown, finding files, and changing setting for the system components.

 

Application a window dedicated to an application.

Window

 

Application a button in the taskbar, each launched application has one.

Button Clicking the button will bring the application to the foreground or resurrects the application when minimized.

 

Minimize a button in an application window. Clicking it removes the

Button window from the desktop.

 

Maximize a button in an application window. Clicking it enlarges the

Button window covering the whole desktop.

 

Restore a button in an application window. Clicking it restores the window

Button to its original size.

 

Close a button in an application window. Clicking it closes the

Button application.

 

Edit a menu in an application's toolbar providing editing functions.

Pull-down

Menu

 

Undo an option in the Edit pull-down menu used to undo the last operation.

 

File a menu in an application's toolbar providing save/open/print

Pull-down functions.

Menu

 

Save As an option in the File pull-down menu used to store a file giving the user the chance to choose a new file name.

 

2. UNIX commands